Question 1) The goals for student work are mostly defined by the state, the staff, and what the high schools expect. So there isn't much choice for the students. Many of the choices available to them are limited to group activities/projects/assignments. (How they want to organize their work, present their idea, or format their presentations.) Or what color ink to use. Most of the feedback is from coming directly from me, so immediate feedback depends on what they are doing at the time, but I would say that for tests and such, it does take some time.

Question 2) I like the idea of desirable goals. I'm not certain how that translates with regards to 'standards', but I think that students would like to be able to be involved in what the goals are, how they are achieved, and how they are progressing. But how to achieve this with the technology available at the school site is more difficult to envision. Is it simply being able to allow the students to showcase work in digital formats, or is there something else? I'm all for using what's available, as long as everyone gets to use it.

Question 3) Group/Class discussions, projects, cooperative assignments, and teacher-student conversations can lead students to experience some of these.